华盛顿邮报：DC唐人街最后三百华人为居住权而抗争
摘要: 原题：D.C.’s Chinatown has only 300 Chinese Americans left, and they’re fighting to stay.原作者： Yanan Wang 出处：http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/dcs-chinatown-has-only-300-chinese-am ...
 原作者： Yanan Wang 编译：华府网 王杰夫
詹妮.唐仍然记得唐人街当初的模样。那时，这个街区的建筑并不拥挤，但街上却总是塞满人群，购物者、商家、孩子和老人。其中很多人是本地人，几乎都是华人。 那个时候是1997年，唐女士刚刚从中国南部来到美国。那年她44岁，但当时她还没有意识到这个街区早已不是真正的唐人街。那年Verizon中心的开建是个转捩点。 现在唐人街的华裔人口已经从峰值时期的3000人萎缩到只有300人，其中的一半还在为能够继续留在这个地方而抗争。 大约一年前，唐所居住的公寓楼“博物馆广场”的居民收到拆迁通知。这里居住着目前唐人街一半的华裔人口，他们得知房东准备在原地建新的项目。居民和DC市议会被迫卷入了与房东（设在弗吉尼亚的“布什公司”）之间的法律纠纷。虽然唐和她的邻居正在等待法庭裁决，以确定他们得花多少钱能买下这幢公寓，他们仍然非常不安。一想到10月份有可能搬离这里，他们就难以平静。 法律上，租户可以在拆毁之前购买所住的公寓。但布什公司要价每户80万美元，这显然超过了这些需要政府补贴的租户的承受能力，他们中绝大多数收入低于3万美元。 唐是大厦里少数几个会说英语的人之一，她正在组织居民们出来抗议拆迁。这些低收入居民因为拆迁会得到一些补助，但唐担心这点钱不足以让他们在DC室内找到租得起的房子。 从这栋大厦走出去，转过街角，是唐人街服务中心，那里提供免费的翻译服务和英文课；再走几步是可以诊疗唐人街居民的家庭诊所。唐说，我们在这里互爱互助，彼此照顾；我们并不想搬到漂亮的地方。 从G街道K街的这几个街区曾是德国移民聚居的地方；1930年代建设“联邦三角（Federal Triangle）”的政府办公区域，当时聚居在那里的华裔美国人迁到现在这个地方，成为了他们的天堂。他们带来了很深的文化印迹。1968年马丁路德金被刺杀带来的骚乱，引发了第一波向郊外搬迁的潮流，才使得这种文化印迹开始减弱。20年后，中国风味又开始返回这里，友谊牌坊被竖立起来以纪念DC和北京的友好城市关系。 住在这里的王女士说，她最初到这里的时候，还比较荒凉。水泥地上长出芦苇，街上到处是垃圾。她当时很怕在大白天被抢劫。一次，她的一位朋友被抢劫后呼叫911，居然等了1个小时才得到救援。 她说，“要不是我们在这里扎根，富人永远不可能来这里住；现在他们开始购买这里的所有一切”。 Verizon中心完工后，引发了开发潮，盘桓多年的家族生意因为地价的原因被迫迁出。如今这里残存的老唐人街地标屈指可数。历史悠久的龙之味餐馆不得不和Panera面包店拥挤在一条街上。唐人街美京华人基督教会被遮蔽在高楼大厦下，它的多数成员都是从郊区赶到这里参加国语、粤语和英文的布道活动。 这里的居民代先生说自己是理想主义者，1989年他到达美国的时候，期待的是天堂。他对自己的书法、写作和绘画充满自信，但由于语言水平有限，这些让他在中国出名的技能却无法帮助他在美国取得成功。他说，“我们对这个国家的愿景都被一个贪婪的房东破坏了，而他从来没有在这里住过一天”。 DC市议会3月份通过了紧急法案以保护这些居民不受布什公司的漫天要价欺负。这些居民也从社区领袖那里获得帮助，但他们并不信任象居民委员会（Advisory Neighborhood Commission 6E）这样的组织可能给予的援助。 美国大学公共管理系的副教授Derek Hyra这样认为，华裔居民和社区新居民之间的隔阂揭示了所谓“小范围隔离”（micro-segregation）的现象。他目前是该大学都市政策中心的主任，他说，在不同收入阶层混居的地方有可能形成种族之间的隔阂。要拯救目前唐人街剩下的东西，必须要在社区里沟通文化隔阂；这里早已不是单纯的亚裔社区。 出处：华盛顿邮报 |
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